BEYOND THE HANDFUL OF SAND

SPYKID COURSE-2: INFRARED TOY CAR MOTOR CONTROLLER

2009-06-24T00:27:00.000-07:00

This add-on circuit enables remote switching on/off battery operated toy cars with the help of a TV/video remote control handset operating at 30-40 kHz.

this circuit can be easily fabricated on a general purpose printed circuit board. after construction, enclose it inside the toy car and connect the supply wires to the battery of the toy car with right polarity. rewire the DC motor connections and fix the IR receiver module in a suitable location.

SPY KID - COURSE 1

2009-03-29T18:30:00.000-07:00

PARALLEL TELEPHONY WITH SECRECY AND CALL PREVENTION:
this circuit provides secrecy when two or more telephones are connected in parallel to a telephone line. the circuit also prevents incoming calls to as well as outgoing calls from other telephones connected in parallel, except from the one lifted first.

When someone picks up the handset of the telephone connected to the original (master) phone for making an outgoing call, no dial tone is heard and the phone appears to be dead. but when call comes, the ring signal switches the SCR's 'on' and conversation can be carries out. As soon as the handset is kept on the hook, the SCR goes off and the telephone can again only receive incoming calls

Safety First - House Security System

2009-01-17T09:55:00.000-08:00

A low cost, invisible laser circuit to protect your house from thieves or trespassers. a laser pointer torch, which is easily available in the market can be used. the block diagram of the unit is shown. the laser torch is powered by 3v power supply is used for generating a laser beam.

A combination of plain mirrors M1 through M6 is used to direct the laser beam around the house to form a net. the laser beam is directed to finally fall on an LDR that forms the part of the reciever unit. An interruption of the beam by a thief will result into energisation of the alarm. the 3v power supply circuit is a conventional full wave rectifier-filter circuit.

The receiver unit comprises two identical step-down transformers (X1 and X2), two 6V relays (RL1 and RL2), an LDR, a transistor, and a few other passive components. When switches S1 and S2 are activated, transformer X1, followed by a full-wave rectifier and smoothing capacitor
C1, drives relay RL1 through the laser switch.

The laser beam should be aimed continuously in LDR. As long as the laser beam falls on LDR, transistor T1 remains forward biased and relay RL1 is thus in energised condition. When a person crosses the line of laser beam, relay RL1 turns off and transformer X2 gets energised to provide a parallel path across N/C contact and the pole of relay RL1. In this condition, the laser beam will have no effect on LDR and the alarm will continue to operate as long as switch S2 is on.
When the torch is switched on, the pointed laser beam is reflected from a definite point/place on the periphery of the house. Making use of a set of properly oriented mirrors one can form an invisible net of laser rays as shown in the block diagram. The final ray should fall on LDR of the circuit.

HONDA MUGEN

2008-12-26T05:35:00.000-08:00

have you seen this!!!!!!

well you might have seen this in some of the auto expo's around the world. And it is Honda Mugen F154SC concept. The technical specs is something like this four cylinder with a swept volume of 1.5L and the engine is supercharged. the car comes with an upgraded engine.

Necessity Of Cooling System

2008-12-20T03:49:00.000-08:00

When the engine is running the combustion in the cylinders heats up the engine. But if the engine gets too hot it loses power. If the engine remains hot for a long time, that causes slight distortion in the engine parts that in turn reduces the gaps between the moving parts. That is why an effective cooling system is necessary to cool down the engine parts and the lubricating oil. There are two kinds of cooling systems: air cooling, which uses the running air flow to cool the engine, and liquid cooling that circulates coolant fluid through passages around the engine.
The mechanism underlying: A liquid cooling system uses a web of passages around the cylinder to circulate coolant through. When the temperature of the coolant around the engine rises, it is sent to the radiator (a heat dissipating tank) to be cooled by running air flow or an electric fan and then circulated back to the engine. This constant circulation of coolant constantly cools the engine. Yamaha YZF-R15 uses this kind of cooling system and is expected to continue with the job in the forthcoming models of higher range mobikes.

Be careful about your phone

2008-12-16T23:42:00.000-08:00

It is a common rule that when there is a good thing, by default there is a bad thing associated with that. This applies to everything in this world. The mobile communication technology which gave us immense potential to grow had its disadvantage from the beginning. As its ability and merits are increasing, so are the drawbacks. On of the security threat was SIM card cloning where the module can be cloned and the call to the original SIM card can be received by the cloned cards and can share the same account.

Now the mobile security threat has gone a step ahead, the IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) [to know your mobile IMEI number press (or dial) *#06# ] number which supposed to be unique and tamper-proof can be changed. The hackers have developed technology to change the IMEI number which otherwise can be used to track down the stolen mobile phone.

So folks better be careful with your all-in-all gadget and I whish you a happy conversation.

Wear this to keep sunstroke at bay

2008-12-15T18:21:00.000-08:00

Heat stroke or sunstroke is an acute condition which occurs when the body produces or absorbs more heat than it can dissipate. Hyperthermia is the medical term. It is usually caused by prolonged exposure to high temperatures. The heat-regulating mechanisms of the body eventually become overwhelmed and unable to effectively deal with the heat, causing the body temperature to climb uncontrollably.

The “cooling cap” deals with the issues that almost all kinds of players face, when they are out on the ground. Heat stroke has become an issue for the people who are directly exposed to the sun. the cap having embedded cooling system with convective/conductive coolant tubes and removable gel pack helps in efficient transfer of heat from the head to the suuroundings.

1. Main frame

2. Gel pack

3. Cover

4. Cotton strap

5. Top cotton layer

6. Bottom cotton layer

7. Bottom fabric layer

8. Phase change material

THE R8 STORY....

2008-12-14T09:08:00.000-08:00

The Audi R8 was introduced in November here in India. The bookings for the car started
in the month of June itself and this year the German car maker planned to sell 15 units
and the fact is all the 15 are booked, the company is saying that there is no car left for test drive.

The mid-engine car generates a whooping 420-horsepower with a permanent all-wheel drive
and they call this Quattro. The Porsche carrera S is the rival in its segment. The r8 carries a price tag of Rs 1.3 crore where as the rival costs Rs 86.05 lakh.

The picture shown above is a R8 diesel concept with top speed of 186mph. With turbocharged diesel engine which produces 500 HP. It conforms to Euro6 emission standards so less pollution.

after busa its 3G

2008-12-12T04:51:00.000-08:00

Finally, India has got the magic of telecommunication “the 3G technology”. The 3G mobile service was launched by the country’s Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in Delhi on 11dec. The service is named ‘jadoo’(magic) and is provided by the state-owned Mahanagar Telephone Nigam ltd(MTNL).

The services include high-speed internet on the mobile, video-calling, video surveillance of their home and office and live TV. Advanced services are expected to be introduced by the service providers when the spectrum is allocated private telecom biggies.

Meanwhile India’s leading telecom operator Bharthi Airtel told that it will be starting its 3G wireless service within six months after the spectrum allocation. The government is expected to auction the 3G spectrum in the month of January next year

HAYABUSA IN INDIA....

2008-12-11T15:13:00.000-08:00

Looking at the superbike sales in India, after Yamaha its Suzuki’s turn to introduce their range into the market. After ruling the roads in the foreign countries the superbike has managed to enter the Indian roads thanks to the people’s response towards super biking.

They call it Suzuki Hayabusa, the technical serial number is GSX1300R. it has a stunning design in each every part. The delta-design of the muffler tip resembles the TVS-Flame exhaust. The analogue needles showing the speed and engine RPM are excellently placed with a LCD screen in between showing the mode of the drive. It also houses the gauge to show the engine temperature which most of the bikes don’t.

The piston displaces 1340cubic centimeters with the cylinders being arranged in an in-line fashion. The 6-speed gearbox suits aptly for the powerful engine producing 197PS. And not to forget about the security system of the bile which is called as SAIS-Suzuki Advanced Immobilizer System.

THE PHOTO SHOWN IS A MODIFIED HAYABUSA TIKER

The Suzuki Hayabusa is the true rival for Yamaha YZF R1 in its segment and both of them carry the same price tag here with Rs. 12.5 lakh (ex-showroom through out the country)

what is this? photo

2008-12-10T12:03:00.000-08:00

crockpot with dividers

2008-12-10T11:56:00.000-08:00

You might have come across many types of cookers including the electric cooker.
Most probably only one type of dish can be made in electric cookers and if you try
to do more than one you will end up in something which you were not intended to be.

This crockpot has three compartments separated by three dividers in its stoneware. while the compartments enable the cooker to cook three different food articles,
the fragrance/essence of one is not allowed to be mixed with the others.

Ratchet engaging vice clamp

2008-12-09T10:41:00.000-08:00

The Ratchet engaging vice clamp is a product that is class apart from the conventional C clamp which is normally found in a workshop. The top of the bolt has a sleek design knob with recesses for the fingers that can be used to partially tighten the clamp.

1. 6 Inch C Clamp

2. Hand Grip

3. Threaded Screw

4. Swivel Head

5. Threaded Stop Ring

6. Threaded Lock Nut

7. Rubber Pad

8. Bottom Base

And this product is again from the Innovative Design Engineering Animation Pvt. Ltd.

password for 1 million serial

2008-12-09T10:15:00.000-08:00

thanks for coming all the way to here

here is the pass word for the file

pass: theserial

what happens when your eye power is abnormal?

2008-12-07T10:50:00.000-08:00

some people (if their eye sight is good) might be wondering why the people are wearing glasses? others who wear glasses might be afraid as to how to explain others what they see. dont worry folks. here i have the solution for you. just show them this how you see without the spectacles

this blurr is due to the refractive error formed in our eyes due to various reason. there is principally two axis about we see the things , they are spherical and cylindrical. if the cylindrical goes off then the images will be slant as shown in the 2nd line.the first line is purely based on the refractive error due to the spherical axis.

PARTICULATE FILTER - NEW TECH. FOR ENVIRONMENT

2008-12-06T11:07:00.000-08:00

The particulate filter (PF) used in the new model Citroën cars traps and burns the particles produced by the engine. With the direct-injection common rail technology, the level of particle emissions from the new generation HDi (direct-injection diesel) engine was already particularly low. With the PF, it drops still further to a level that is barely measurable. In this way, the engine goes well beyond the future environmental standards of the European Union.

The PF traps the particles on a filter and burns them at regular intervals.

The particles burn naturally at around 550 °C, but the initial temperature of the exhaust gases The PF modifies these two parameters through:

• a post-injection of fuel in the expansion phase, which generates post-combustion in the cylinder and raises the temperature of the gases by 200 °C to 250 °C, to around 350°C to 400 °C.

• additional post-combustion generated by an oxidation catalyser placed upstream of the filter, which treats the unburned hydrocarbons from the post-injection phase. The temperature may increase by a further 100 °C, up to 450°C or 500 °C.

• the fuel additive Eolys fuel additive. This additive lowers the natural particle combustion temperature to 450 °C.

Motorcycle Alarm / Anti-Theft Alarms - Built It Yourself!

2008-12-06T06:40:00.000-08:00

This is a pretty cool motorcycle alarm that uses just a few components to protect your bike. It operates through detecting motion in your bike, or more specifically, when it's lifted off it's stand into the upright position i.e. ready to go revving off! Movement in the bike is accomplished through use of a mercury switch.

The circuit can be be powered directly from the motorcycle's battery source, since it draws a very low current while in stand-by mode. In fact, this good low current-drain design makes it ideal for use in a lot of different of different scenarios.

The motorcycle alarm circuit uses under 20 electronic components. Three of those are transistors (2 x BC547 [NPN] and 1 x BC557 [PNP]), one is the alarm-switching relay, and two are the control / alarm trigger switched (of which one is the mercury switch).

Not only is this motorcycle alarm a very good idea, but there is ample information about the circuit provided. Even a newbie electronics nerd could build this. There's even a design for the PCB (Print Circuit Board) of the motorcycle alarm and instruction on how to wire it to your motorcycle battery.

When one of the normally-open switches is closed - two things happen.
Firstly - the negative side of the relay coil is connected to ground through D1.
This causes the relay to energize.
And the relay in turn sounds the siren.

Secondly - the emitter-base junction of Q1 is forward-biased.
The transistor switches on - and current through R3 and Q1 charges C1.
C1 is part of the latching circuit that keeps the relay energized after the trigger-switch has been re-opened.

When the switch is re-opened - and Q1 switches off - the charge stored in C1 keeps Q2 switched on.
Q2 in turn keeps Q3 switched on.
Q3 connects the negative side of the relay coil to ground.
So the relay remains energized and the siren continues to sound.

It will continue to sound until C1 discharges through the base-emitter junctions of Q2 and Q3.

The length of time the relay remains energized depends on the value of C1 - and the input impedance (resistance) of Q2 and Q3.
A single transistor has a relatively low input impedance - so C1 would discharge quickly.
But Q2 and Q3 are connected to form a modified Darlington Pair.
The input impedance of a Darlington Pair is very high.
Roughly that of the single transistor - squared. And R4 increases it even further.
So C1 discharges relatively slowly through the two base-emitter junctions.
The precise time it takes depends on the characteristics of the actual components used - particularly the gain (hfe) of the transistors.

As C1 discharges - the current through R4 and Q2 falls.
So the base current through Q3 falls also.
This causes the Q3 collector-emitter voltage to rise.
As it does so - the voltage across the relay coil falls.
When the voltage across the relay coil falls to a sufficiently low level - the relay drops out and the alarm resets.

However - although they can no longer keep the relay energized - Q2 & Q3 would continue to conduct to some degree.
This would waste energy - and lead to an increased standby current.
To prevent this from happening - the base of Q2 is connected to the normally-closed contact of the relay.
When the relay drops out - the base of Q2 is taken to ground.
This completes the discharge of C1 - and turns Q2 & Q3 firmly off.
In this condition the standby current is virtually zero.

R1 connects the base of the pnp transistor to the positive line. This keeps Q1 switched off in standby mode.
If R1 had a very high value - moisture on the trigger-switches might tend to turn Q1 on.
And current through the transistor would flow to ground through the normally-closed relay contacts.
This would cause a substantial increase in standby current.
The value of 1k was chosen for R1 - in order to keep Q1 switched firmly off.

When charged - the voltage across C1 is about 1v2 to 1v4.
This limit is set by the base-emitter junctions of Q2 and Q3.
If R2 were not present then the collector-base junction of Q1 would hold C1 at 0v6 to 0v7.
This would prevent the capacitor from reaching a high enough potential to switch Q2 and Q3 on.
The value of R2 is not very critical.
I choose 4k7 - but any value that turns Q1 on and holds its base above about 2-volts will do.
R3 limits the surge current through Q1 as C1 charges.

The only transistor with any real work to do is Q3.
If the relay has a coil resistance of at least 270 ohms - then the maximum current passing through Q3 will be 12 ÷ 270 = 45mA.
The BC547 has an Ic(max) of 100mA.

Relay coils and some sounders produce high reverse-voltage spikes that will destroy sensitive electronic components.
D2 and D3 are there to short-circuit the spikes before they can do any damage.
Although there is nothing in the alarm circuit itself that's likely to be damaged - I have no idea what other electronic equipment might be connected to the same supply.
So I included the two diodes as a precaution.

If the alarm switches are fitted properly - the circuit should reset a minute of two after the bike has been returned to its centre-stand or kick-stand.
If it's not returned to one of its stands - and at least one of the trigger-switches remains closed - D1 will continue to connect the negative side of the relay to ground.
So the relay will remain energized and the siren will continue to sound.

Without D1 - when the alarm is activated - Q3 would connect R2 to ground.
This would turn Q1 permanently on - so the circuit would never reset.
By making the path one-way - D1 prevents this from happening.
You might get away with a 1N4148 in this position.
But I felt that - for the sake of reliability - the more robust 1N4001 should be used.

SUNGLASS+READING GLASS!!! COOL

2008-12-02T10:22:00.000-08:00

Many of you might have thought of having a reading glass mingled with a sun glass so that you need not carry two things at a time. Dont worry, your requirements has reached the industry people and they have made such a kind.

the product comes with an anti-scratch coating, which will enable rough usage of your glass and need less attention towards the maintainance of the glass. Also it encompasses an anti reflective coating so that you can look at monitors with no problem at all.

the lens is UV resistant and tinted to suit the outside sunny conditions, and helps to protect your eyes. the product is available in US and it might be available in India and it is brought t you by Innovative Design Engineering Animation Pvt. Ltd.

GO GREEN @ CHEAPER RATE

2008-11-28T09:45:00.000-08:00

Can you imagine a world where cars have no emissions, don't use petrol and perform just as well
as they do today?
The Civic Hybrid is the result of Honda's dedication to reducing emissions and increasing fuel efficiency. Or, to put it another way, helping the planet at the same time as saving you money. But that's just the tip of the iceberg.

Introduced in 2002, the FCX is a fuel cell vehicle powered by hydrogen and its only emission is water. Water so pure the Mayor of San Francisco drank it after a test drive. 22 FCX vehicles are now being used on a daily basis in Japan and the United States. The FCX Concept (pictured) is Honda’s latest generation fuel cell vehicle.

So, if you want to live in a world with no emissions, choosing the Civic Hybrid means you're already on the road to making it happen. But, perhaps more importantly, it means you too believe in the Power of Dreams. Now that Honda has reduced its hybrid price for a short (may be till mid of December ) period of time and this one is a "now or never" choice for you to go green